Dentists use materials like composite resin, amalgam, gold, porcelain, and glass ionomer for fillings, depending on durability, cost, and appearance.

If you’ve ever needed a cavity filled,you might wonder what’s going into your tooth. Fillings restore damaged teeth,helping them function properly and preventing further decay.

This guide breaks down the most common filling materials, so you can make informed choices with your dental team.

Why Fillings Are Needed

Fillings are typically used to repair cavities, which form when tooth enamel is worn down by bacteria and acids. They’re also used to fix minor cracks or chips.

Once a cavity begins, it won’t stop on its own. The longer it’s left untreated, the deeper it gets—and the more complicated (and costly) the fix becomes. A filling stops decay from spreading and helps you chew comfortably again.

Let’s Talk About Common Filling Materials

Dentists have a variety of materials to choose from, depending on the location and size of the cavity, your preferences, and your budget. Common types include:

• Composite resin (white fillings)
• Amalgam (silver fillings)
• Gold
• Porcelain (ceramic)
• Glass ionomer
• Resin ionomer

Let’s go through each one in more detail.

Composite Resin Fillings (White Fillings)

What it’s made of: A mix of plastic and fine glass particles
Best for: Front teeth or visible areas of your smile

Pros:

• Tooth-coloured—blends in with your natural teeth
• Bonds directly to the tooth, helping preserve more structure

Cons:

• May cost more than amalgam
• Can wear down over time, especially in areas with heavy chewing

Lifespan: Around 5 to 10 years, depending on location and care

Amalgam Fillings (Silver Fillings)

What it’s made of: A combination of mercury, silver, tin, and copper
Best for: Molars or other back teeth where strength is more important than appearance

Pros:

• Strong and long-lasting
• Often more affordable than other options

Cons:

• Dark, metallic colour is very noticeable
• Some patients are concerned about mercury (Health Canada and other organizations have stated it’s safe in dental use)

Lifespan: Usually 10 to 15 years or more

Gold Fillings

What it’s made of: A gold alloy
Best for: Back teeth that need maximum durability

Pros:

• Very strong and doesn’t wear easily
• Doesn’t corrode over time

Cons:

• Expensive
• Requires two visits
• Not discreet—very visible when you smile or speak

Lifespan: Often 15 to 30+ years

Porcelain (Ceramic) Fillings

Best for: Visible teeth and custom inlays or on lays

Pros:

• Matches the natural colour of your teeth
• Resists stains well

Cons:

• More brittle than some materials
• Typically costs more
• Often made in a lab, which may require two visits

Lifespan: Around 10 to 15 years, depending on care and placement

Glass Ionomer and Resin Ionomer Fillings

These are often used for non-biting surfaces, such as near the gumline or in baby teeth.

Pros:

• Releases fluoride, which helps protect against future decay
• Bonds to the tooth with minimal preparation

Cons:

• Not as durable as other materials
• Wears down more quickly—less ideal for high-pressure areas

Lifespan: 3 to 5 years, sometimes longer depending on the situation

Factors That Influence the Best Material Choice

Here’s what you and your dentist will consider:

• Where the cavity is (front vs. back teeth)
• The size of the cavity
• Your insurance coverage and budget
• Whether appearance matters to you
• Any allergies or sensitivities you may have
• Your dentist’s recommendation based on long-term care

We help patients make informed choices about dental fillings in Napanee based on these key factors, ensuring both function and aesthetics are fully considered.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Are white fillings better than silver ones?
They’re better for appearance, especially in front teeth. But silver fillings are still stronger and may last longer in back teeth.

Can I replace my old amalgam filling with composite?
Yes, but it depends on the condition of the tooth. Your dentist will let you know if it’s a good option.

Are gold fillings still used today?
They are, though less frequently due to the high cost and visible colour. Some people still choose them for their durability.

Is fluoride-releasing glass ionomer safe?
Yes, it’s commonly used for both adults and children. The fluoride can actually help prevent future cavities.

In Summary

There’s no one-size-fits-all solution when it comes to filling materials. Each type has its benefits, and the right choice depends on your needs, preferences, and the condition of your tooth.

At Dental Clinic - Smile Shapers Napanee, your trusted Napanee dentist, we’ll guide you through all your options and help you choose the one that makes the most sense for you.Have questions? Give us a call or book your next visit. We’re here to help keep your smile healthy and strong.